Lub Peb Hlis tas los no, Ministry of Commerce, koom tes nrog General Administration of Customs, tau tshaj tawm ib daim ntawv tshaj tawm ua ke los tiv thaiv kev ruaj ntseg hauv tebchaws thiab kev txaus siab thaum ua tiav lub luag haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb tsis txhob nthuav dav riam phom. Nrog kev pom zoo ntawm Pawg Sab Laj Hauv Xeev, cov kev ntsuas tswj kev xa khoom tawm tau raug tsim rau cov ntaub ntawv ntsig txog tungsten, tellurium, bismuth, molybdenum, thiab indium. Tshwj xeeb, cov ntaub ntawv ntsig txog tungsten tswj hwm suav nrog ammonium paratungstate, tungsten oxides, qee cov tungsten carbides tsis tswj hwm, cov qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tungsten khov kho (tsis suav nrog granules lossis hmoov), cov hlau tungsten-nickel-iron lossis tungsten-nickel-tooj liab tshwj xeeb, thiab cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov thev naus laus zis xav tau rau kev tsim cov khoom raws li cov lej tshwj xeeb (1C004, 1C117.c, 1C117.d). Txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm xa tawm cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum ua raws li Txoj Cai Tswj Kev Xa Khoom ntawm Lub Tebchaws Suav thiab Cov Cai ntawm Kev Tswj Kev Xa Khoom Siv Ob Yam, thov thiab tau txais daim ntawv tso cai xa khoom tawm los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm lag luam tsim nyog ntawm Pawg Sab Laj Hauv Xeev. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm no yuav siv tau tam sim ntawd thiab hloov kho Daim Ntawv Teev Npe Tswj Kev Xa Khoom Tawm ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Ob Zaug ntawm Lub Tebchaws Suav.
I. Cov Khoom Siv Tungsten
- 1C117.d. Cov Khoom Siv Tungsten:
- Ammonium paratungstate (HS Code: 2841801000);
- Tungsten oxides (HS Codes: 2825901200, 2825901910, 2825901920);
- Cov tungsten carbides tsis raug tswj hwm raws li 1C226 (HS Code: 2849902000).
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- 1C117.c. Tungsten Khoom nrog Tag Nrho Cov Yam Ntxwv Hauv Qab No:
- Cov tungsten khov kho (tsis suav nrog cov granules lossis hmoov) nrog ib qho ntawm cov hauv qab no:
- Tungsten lossis tungsten alloys nrog cov ntsiab lus tungsten ≥97% los ntawm qhov hnyav, tsis raug tswj hwm raws li 1C226 lossis 1C241 (HS Codes: 8101940001, 8101991001, 8101999001);
- Cov hlau tungsten-tooj liab uas muaj cov ntsiab lus tungsten ≥80% los ntawm qhov hnyav (HS Codes: 8101940001, 8101991001, 8101999001);
- Cov hlau tungsten-nyiaj uas muaj cov ntsiab lus tungsten ≥80% thiab cov ntsiab lus nyiaj ≥2% los ntawm qhov hnyav (HS Codes: 7106919001, 7106929001);
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- Muaj peev xwm ua tau machined rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov hauv qab no:
- Cov thooj voos kheej kheej uas muaj txoj kab uas hla ≥120 hli thiab ntev ≥50 hli;
- Cov raj nrog lub cheeb sab hauv ≥65 hli, phab ntsa tuab ≥25 hli, thiab ntev ≥50 hli;
- Cov blocks nrog qhov ntev ≥120 mm × 120 mm × 50 mm.
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- 1C004. Cov hlau Tungsten-Nickel-Iron lossis Tungsten-Nickel-Tooj Liab uas muaj tag nrho cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- Qhov Ceev >17.5 g/cm³;
- Lub zog tawm los > 800 MPa;
- Lub zog tensile kawg > 1270 MPa;
- Kev Ntev > 8% (HS Codes: 8101940001, 8101991001, 8101999001).
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- 1E004, 1E101.b. Cov Txuj Ci thiab Cov Ntaub Ntawv rau kev tsim cov khoom raws li 1C004, 1C117.c, 1C117.d (suav nrog cov txheej txheem cov lus qhia, cov kev teeb tsa, thiab cov kev pab cuam machining).
II. Cov Khoom Siv Cuam Tshuam Nrog Tellurium
- 6C002.a. Hlau Tellurium (HS Code: 2804500001).
- 6C002.b. Cov Khoom Siv Tellurium Ib Leeg Los Yog Polycrystalline (xws li cov substrates lossis epitaxial wafers):
- Cadmium telluride (HS Codes: 2842902000, 3818009021);
- Cadmium zinc telluride (HS Codes: 2842909025, 3818009021);
- Mercury cadmium telluride (HS Codes: 2852100010, 3818009021).
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- 6E002. Cov Txuj Ci thiab Cov Ntaub Ntawv rau kev tsim cov khoom raws li 6C002 (suav nrog cov txheej txheem cov lus qhia, cov kev teeb tsa, thiab cov kev pab cuam machining).
III. Cov Khoom Uas Muaj Feem Xyuam Nrog Bismuth
- 6C001.a. Cov Hlau Bismuth thiab Cov Khoom Uas Tsis Tswj Nyob Rau Hauv 1C229, suav nrog tab sis tsis txwv rau cov ingots, blocks, hlaws dai, granules, thiab hmoov (HS Codes: 8106101091, 8106101092, 8106101099, 8106109090, 8106901019, 8106901029, 8106901099, 8106909090).
- 6C001.b. Bismuth Germanate (HS Code: 2841900041).
- 6c001 ib. Triphenylbismuth (HS Code: 2931900032).
- 6C001.d. Tris(p-ethoxyphenyl)bismuth (HS Code: 2931900032).
- 6E001. Cov Txuj Ci thiab Cov Ntaub Ntawv rau kev tsim cov khoom raws li 6C001 (suav nrog cov txheej txheem cov lus qhia, cov kev teeb tsa, thiab cov kev pab cuam machining).
IV. Cov Khoom Siv Cuam Tshuam Nrog Molybdenum
- 1C117.b. Hmoov Molybdenum: Molybdenum thiab cov khoom sib xyaw nrog cov ntsiab lus molybdenum ≥97% los ntawm qhov hnyav thiab qhov loj me ≤50 × 10⁻⁶ m (50 μm), siv rau kev tsim cov khoom siv foob pob hluav taws (HS Code: 8102100001).
- 1E101.b. Cov Txuj Ci thiab Cov Ntaub Ntawv rau kev tsim cov khoom raws li 1C117.b (suav nrog cov txheej txheem cov lus qhia, cov kev teeb tsa, thiab cov kev pab cuam machining).
V. Cov Khoom Siv Cuam Tshuam Nrog Indium
- 3C004.a. Indium Phosphide (HS Code: 2853904051).
- 3C004.b. Trimethylindium (HS Code: 2931900032).
- 3C004.c. Triethylindium (HS Code: 2931900032).
- 3E004. Cov Txuj Ci thiab Cov Ntaub Ntawv rau kev tsim cov khoom raws li 3C004 (suav nrog cov txheej txheem cov lus qhia, cov kev teeb tsa, thiab cov kev pab cuam machining).
Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Xa Tawm Tungsten Tsis Yog Kev Txwv Tag Nrho
Kev tswj hwm kev xa tawm tungsten tsis txhais hais tias yog kev txwv tsis pub xa tawm tag nrho tab sis suav nrog kev ntsuas kev tswj hwm tus qauv rau cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas cuam tshuam nrog tungsten. Cov neeg xa tawm cov khoom no yuav tsum thov daim ntawv tso cai los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm lag luam ntawm Pawg Sab Laj Hauv Xeev raws li Txoj Cai Tswj Kev Xa Tawm thiab Cov Cai ntawm Kev Tswj Kev Xa Tawm ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Ob Chav. Kev xa tawm tsuas yog tso cai thaum ua raws li thiab pom zoo.
Tej Yam Yuav Cuam Tshuam Rau Kev Lag Luam Hauv Tebchaws
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Tungsten-Molybdenum Cloud Commerce Platform, kev xa tawm ntawm ammonium paratungstate (APT), tungsten trioxide, thiab tungsten carbide suav rau ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm tag nrho cov kev xa tawm tungsten:
- Cov khoom xa tawm APT xyoo 2023 thiab 2024 yog kwv yees li 803 tons thiab 782 tons, feem, txhua tus suav txog li 4% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom xa tawm tungsten.
- Kev xa tawm ntawm tungsten trioxide yog li ntawm 2,699 tons hauv xyoo 2023 thiab 3,190 tons hauv xyoo 2024, nce ntxiv los ntawm 14% mus rau 17% ntawm tag nrho cov kev xa tawm.
- Kev xa tawm tungsten carbide yog li ntawm 4,433 tons hauv xyoo 2023 thiab 4,147 tons hauv xyoo 2024, tswj hwm qhov feem ntawm kwv yees li 22%.
Kev siv cov kev tswj hwm kev xa tawm tungsten yuav ua rau cov khoom no raug saib xyuas thiab pom zoo ntau dua, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau qee cov neeg xa khoom tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj cov khoom tswj hwm no tsawg heev hauv kev xa tawm tungsten tag nrho, qhov cuam tshuam tag nrho rau kev lag luam tungsten hauv tsev cov khoom siv thiab kev thov thiab tus nqi yuav tsawg heev. Txoj cai no kuj tseem yuav txhawb kom cov tuam txhab lag luam tsom mus rau kev tsim kho tshiab thiab cov khoom zoo kom ua tau raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam hauv tsev thiab thoob ntiaj teb.
Qhov Tseem Ceeb ntawm Tungsten
Tungsten lub melting point siab, hardness, conductivity, thiab corrosion resistance ua rau nws tseem ceeb heev hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb. Hauv kev tsim hlau, tungsten ua rau lub zog, toughness, thiab hnav tsis kam, siv dav hauv tshuab thiab kev tsim kho. Hauv electronics, nws yog ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb rau cov khoom, cov integrated circuit leads, thiab cov filaments ib txwm muaj. Hauv aerospace, tungsten alloys yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov hniav cav thiab rocket nozzles, txhawb kev tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw. Tub rog, tungsten alloys yog qhov tseem ceeb rau armor-piercing projectiles, missile Cheebtsam, thiab armor, ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau lub teb chaws tiv thaiv peev xwm. Kev ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov hauv tsev tungsten yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ruaj ntseg hauv teb chaws.
Cov Kev Cuam Tshuam Luv thiab Ntev
Nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv, kev tswj hwm kev xa tawm yuav txo Tuam Tshoj cov khoom tungsten rau kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, uas yuav cuam tshuam qhov sib npaug ntawm kev muab khoom thiab kev thov uas tau muaj ntev thiab ua rau cov nqi tungsten thoob ntiaj teb nce siab vim muaj kev thov qis. Nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, cov kev tswj hwm no yuav txhawb kev txhim kho kev lag luam, txhawb kev nqis peev R&D, kev siv cov peev txheej zoo, thiab kev tsim cov khoom muaj nqis siab los txhim kho Tuam Tshoj txoj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev lag luam tungsten.
Cov Txheeb Xyuas Tungsten Thoob Ntiaj Teb
Raws li USGS, cov khoom tungsten thoob ntiaj teb hauv xyoo 2023 yog kwv yees li 4.4 lab tons, nce 15.79% xyoo-rau-xyoo, nrog rau Tuam Tshoj suav txog 52.27% (2.3 lab tons). Kev tsim tungsten thoob ntiaj teb yog 78,000 tons, poob 2.26%, nrog rau Tuam Tshoj pab txhawb 80.77% (63,000 tons). Cov ntaub ntawv kev lis kev cai Suav qhia txog ntau yam kev xa khoom tungsten, suav nrog tungsten ores, tungstic acid, tungsten trioxide, tungsten carbides, thiab ntau yam khoom tungsten. Xyoo 2024, Tuam Tshoj xa tawm 782.41 tons ntawm APT (nqis 2.53%, 4.06% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom xa tawm), 3,189.96 tons ntawm tungsten trioxide (nce 18.19%, 16.55% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom xa tawm), thiab 4,146.76 tons ntawm tungsten carbide (nqis 6.46%, 21.52% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom xa tawm).
CHENGDU HUAXIN CEMENTED CARBIDE CO., LTD yog cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom tungsten carbide, xws li cov riam ntxig carbide rau kev ua haujlwm ntoo, cov riam puag ncig carbide rau kev txiav cov pas nrig luam yeeb & luam yeeb, cov riam puag ncig rau kev txiav corugatted cardboard, peb lub qhov riam txiav / cov hniav slotted rau kev ntim khoom, daim kab xev, txiav zaj duab xis nyias, cov hniav txiav fiber rau kev lag luam textile thiab lwm yam.
Nrog ntau tshaj 25 xyoo kev txhim kho, peb cov khoom tau raug xa tawm mus rau Tebchaws Meskas A, Russia, South America, Is Nrias teb, Qaib ntxhw, Pakistan, Australia, Southeast Asia thiab lwm yam. Nrog rau qhov zoo heev thiab cov nqi sib tw, Peb tus cwj pwm ua haujlwm hnyav thiab kev teb tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm peb cov neeg siv khoom. Thiab peb xav tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo ua lag luam tshiab nrog cov neeg siv khoom tshiab.
Tiv tauj peb hnub no thiab koj yuav txaus siab rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab cov kev pabcuam los ntawm peb cov khoom!
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Rau Hli-04-2025
